Constant Current LED Power Supply

Company Profile

BERSN is innovative electronics designer and manufacturer of smart lighting technology, supporting its customers with intelligent hardware and software and offering the highest level of quality, reliability and energy savings.
Working on the market of smart lighting solutions for almost 20 years, BERSN grows to become an industry recognized developer and most progressive company with head office in Shenzhen, China, developing innovative, turn-key, fully integrated smart lighting solutions for Smart City.

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What is Constant Current LED Power Supply

A constant current LED power supply is an electronic device that supplies a steady and precise electrical current to an LED or an array of LEDs, regardless of fluctuations in the input voltage or changes in temperature. This ensures that the LEDs operate at a consistent and safe level of current, which helps to extend their lifespan and maintain their brightness and color quality. Constant current LED drivers are commonly used in applications such as lighting, displays, and signage.

How does a Constant Current LED Power Supply work?

A constant current LED driver works by regulating the current flowing through an LED to maintain a constant value. Here is a basic overview of how a constant current LED driver works:

Components of Constant Current LED Power Supply

PCB board
PCB (printed circuit board) is a printed wiring board, abbreviated as a printed board, which is one of the important components of the electronics industry. As long as there are electronic components such as integrated circuits, printed boards are used for the electrical interconnection between the various components. The printed wiring board consists of an insulating base plate, connecting lead and assembling and soldering electronic components, and has the dual functions of a conductive circuit and an insulating base plate. The quality of the PCB board can be judged from the size and thickness, light and color, and appearance of the weld.

SMD resistor
Chip resistors are also called card-type fixed resistors (Chip Fixed Resistors), which is one of the metal glass glaze resistors. It is a resistor made by mixing metal powder and glass glaze powder and printing on the substrate by the screen printing method. Resistant to humidity and high temperature, with a small temperature coefficient. It can greatly save circuit space costs and make the design more refined. The common size specifications of chip resistors are (0202, 0402, 0603, 0805, 1206, 1210, 1812, 2010, 2512), the accuracy of its conventional series is 5%, 1%, and the resistance range is from 0.1 ohms to 20M ohms.

SMD capacitor
SMD capacitors are made of ceramic dielectric diaphragms with printed electrodes (inner electrodes) stacked in a dislocation manner. After one-time high-temperature sintering, a ceramic chip is formed, and then metal layers (outer electrodes) are sealed at both ends of the chip. Thereby forming a structure similar to a monolith, so it is also called a monolithic capacitor. There are two ways to express the size of chip capacitors, one is expressed in inches, and the other is expressed in millimeters, The series models of chip capacitors are (0402, 0603, 0805, 1206, 1210, 1808, 1812, 2010, 2225, 2512).

SMD diode
SMD diodes is an electronic device with unidirectional conduction currents. There is a PN junction and two lead terminals inside the semiconductor diode. This electronic device has unidirectional current conductivity according to the direction of the applied voltage.

IC
The IC on the led drive power supply is equivalent to the computer's CPU, which is the main component, which mainly controls the output voltage and current. The IC has multiple protection functions, including open-circuit protection, short-circuit protection, over-temperature protection, over-voltage protection, under-voltage protection, FB short-circuit protection, etc., and adopts the DIP-8 package.

Switch transformer
A transformer is an electrostatic device made using the principle of electromagnetic induction. When the primary coil of the transformer is connected to an AC power source, the magnetic core generates an alternating magnetic flux. One or more sets of voltages are generated when the direct current is converted into high-frequency alternating current and supplied to a transformer for conversion.

Varistor
A varistor is a resistive device with nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics, which is mainly used for voltage clamping when the circuit is subjected to overvoltage, absorbing excess current to protect sensitive devices. Using the nonlinear characteristics of the varistor, when an overvoltage occurs between the two poles of the varistor, the varistor can clamp the voltage to a relatively fixed voltage value, thereby realizing the protection of the subsequent circuit.

Electrolytic capacitor
The metal foil of the electrolytic capacitor is the positive electrode, the oxide film that is close to the metal with the positive electrode is the dielectric, and the negative electrode is composed of conductive materials, electrolytes, and other materials. Because the electrolyte is the main part of the negative electrode, the electrolytic capacitor is named after it. At the same time, the positive and negative electrolytic capacitors cannot be connected wrongly. In the design of LED driving power, the choice of electrolytic capacitor directly determines the life of the driver. Similarly, the life of the two driving power is obvious in the electrolytic capacitor with a temperature resistance of 105 °C, 2000H, and 8000H; For the same power supply, the service life of electrolytic capacitors at 85°C and 105°C is also different.

Inductance
Inductance is used as an energy storage component on many occasions. In addition to energy storage, it also has functions such as choke, voltage transformation, filtering, and resonance. When an alternating current passes through the wire, an alternating magnetic field will be generated around it, and the energy is stored inside by using magnetism to generate electricity and electricity to generate magnetism. This is the basic principle of inductance.

CBB capacitor
CBB capacitors are also called polypropylene capacitors, with a capacitance of 10p-10μ and a rated voltage of 63-2000V. CBB capacitors can suppress power electromagnetic interference and reduce impedance and can replace most polystyrene or mica capacitors for circuits with higher requirements. Similar in performance to polystyrene but smaller in size and slightly less stable.

Fuse
The commonly used fuses for Led drive power supply have two appearances, round and square, generally to adapt to different PCB board spaces. For example, when our company designs the LED drive power supply, we use a square fuse tube. The shell of the square fuse tube is explosion-proof and flame-retardant. When the current is too large to withstand the fuse tube, the fuse tube will explode, ordinary fuses such as glass tubes will blow up the glass, while square fuses will not.

FET
A FET is a semiconductor device that uses the electric field effect of the control input loop to control the current of the output loop and belongs to a voltage-controlled semiconductor device. It has the advantages of high input resistance, low noise, low power consumption, large dynamic range, easy integration, no secondary breakdown phenomenon, and a wide safe working area.

Terminal
The wiring terminal on the led drive power supply is a kind of component used to realize the electrical connection.